Friday, April 19, 2013

Tune into Radio Carly: "Human to human communication creates ...

On Tuesday 9 April, I was asked to speak at the AYAD human rights forum at Federation Square Melbourne as a part of National Youth Week. An AusAID initiative, AYAD is a program for young people from 18-30 to volunteer in developing countries. The forum was to inspire young people to use ther skills and passions to create global change. The audience comprised more than 230 passionate young people committed to making a difference to human rights. My fellow speakers - Jessie Taylor, Julie McKay, Brendan Rigby and Dan Ryan - were some of the smartest, influential and compassionate people I've met (and oh so tall).

(Jessie, Julie, Dan, Brendan, Me)

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The speakers really were exceptional. Jessie Taylor is my age - she's a barrister, film maker, refugee advocate, speaker and foster mum to a 17 year old refugee. Brendan Rigby is an education specialist, volunteering in developing nations. Our MC, Dan Ryan was the 2012 UN Youth Ambassador, going on a national listening tour before presenting these issues he heard to the United Nations General Assembly in October 2012. Can you believe he's only 25?! And Julie McKay, age 29, is the UN Women Executive Director and 2013 ACT Young Australian of the Year. While I don't want to downplay my own achievements, before I met the four speakers and had only read their bios, I felt rather ill-equipped to speak about human rights. What do I have to do with human rights? Because I'm just a blogger. And blogging is a little narcisstic, right? When the others asked what I was speaking about, I honestly said "I know very little." My silly nervousness soon dissipated when I spent some time laughing with my new friends, and listening to their stories. And I thought about how blogging is making a difference - both reaching out to communities and giving voice to those who may not previously have been heard. And while I think blogging is becoming very commercialised and brand oriented and less about the writing, and bloggers are criticised for being superficial, self indulgent and entitled, there are still so many bloggers who are brave enough to share their stories to make a genuine difference to others. And Julie Taylor said in her speech that so many of us are "human rights defenders" just by helping others. So I guess I am too, doing my small bit. Julie spoke about her time with UN Women, mentioning two women she'd met through her work who made choices to better their lives and also lives of others on a global scale. She said "Never doubt what you can contribute and what you can achieve." She also spoke of the human lottery - how we can't help what situation we are born into.

Brendan Rigby talked a lot about how education has made such a difference to the life of one girl in Ghana - and through her determination and her teachers' beliefs in her, she accomplished more than was ever expected.

Jessie Taylor told the story of how her foster son came to be an asylum seeker. It was a harrowing tale (you can hear it here) and she reinforced that many of the asylum seekers have been through so much brutality that they'll do anything to escape to have a better life. Jessie said how important it is to inform people of the facts, especially around human rights issues that are feared, to help remove their prejudice. She ended her speech saying "Don't ever let anyone put fear into you. If you want to create change, do it and do it now."

After our speeches, we spoke on a panel on stage. We all agreed it is easier to make a difference in a little patch of the world using your own skills. Julie McKay said "offer whatever you can when volunteering" - while she doesn't feel like she could make a difference on the ground in third world countries, she is good at getting funding from organisations to help the work on the ground. We spoke about fear of the unknown and how once an issue is humanised, fear is allayed a little (Jessie mentioned her Mum not understanding the asylum seekers, but her mind was changed when she met Jessie's foster son for the first time). We talked about speaking up when you hear misinformation that creates fear. I spoke a little about "othering" and deviated a little from blogging and disability, citing some of the attitudes toward my Mum - "but you're not black, you're different to those other blacks". And I also answered a question about encountering negativity online, saying that sometimes I just have to step back from an issue because no amount of reasoning and education can make a positive difference.

It was fantastic to be a part of this forum - I made some new friends, learnt a lot about global issues and feel motivated to continue making positive change.

That quote in this post's title is from Jessie Taylor. "Human to human communication about humans creates change". And this is so true about blogging. We share stories so others others can learn, empathise and share theirs.

I'm sure most of you here are social media users. You'll be nodding at my frustration when I tell you how tired I am of seeing disablist Facebook memes, homophobic and racist rants, and sexist photos on my social media feed. Just the other night, I got caught up ranting about the Logies and whether 'best new talent' is a good way to describe Joel Madden. There is so much slacktivism - like this picture if you care about this sick baby, turn your profile picture pink for breast cancer. The Internet can be a dangerous tool to spread misinformation, accusations and cyber bullying. And it?s easy to get caught up on social media, ranting about things that don?t really matter, like I did on Logies night. But the internet can foster communities, inform and change attitudes.

The rapid speed at which information is created and shared on the internet, and the reach of social media, means the internet is great vehicle for online activism and creating a positive change.

Digital Marketing Ramblings provides the following statistics for social media use in April 2013:

  • 106 Billion monthly Facebook users, with an average of 159 friends.
  • 500 Million total Twitter users
  • 343 Million Google Plus users
  • 170 Million total Tumblr users
  • 1 Billion total YouTube uses with 4 Billion visits per day.
Digital Buzz Daily says that in one day, 2 Million blog posts are written, 294 Billion emails are sent, and more iPhones are sold than babies born.

It was estimated in 2011, there were more than 156 Million blogs worldwide, this figure has certainly increased.

Blogging is very cheap. It can be done from anywhere in the world, and from computers, tablets and mobile phones.

I believe blogging gives a voice to people who may not have previously had a voice, and may lead to mainstream media publication.

Blogging can offer support to those who may not feel supported in their real life. People with disabilities or in remote areas can connect with others across the world to form a sense of community and shared understanding. It creates strong friendships - one of my friends I met through blogging is here tonight.

My story

I am a blogger. And those two points I just mentioned apply to my experience. I have been blogging on and off since 2001, though been blogging on my current blog Tune Into Radio Carly since December 2009. It is this blog that has made the most difference to my audience and I.

I write about food, live music and Melbourne culture, social commentary and love, as well as working with causes such as Sam Johnson's Love Your Sister, Donate Life and Sunsmart.

I also write about what it's like to have a visibly different appearance - because I have a lifelong genetic skin condition called Ichthyosis. It means scaly red skin. I describe the medical and social challenges and triumphs of living with this condition. I use honesty and humour, and always try to put my best face forward online, because in the back of my mind, there's still fear that my image will be misused.

I show people that it's ok to look different. I encourage those who look different to feel proud, and those who judge difference to raise their expectations of people like me.

In 2010 I wrote a blog post which was later published on Victorian Government disability website Divine - it was about how blogging gives me the chance to tell my story without the sensationalism that the mainstream media gives to those with disabilities, chronic illnesses and visible differences. I won a Yooralla Media Award for best online commentary, and maintain the belief that blogging puts me in control of my own story today.

My audience varies. Some of my readers visit for the food pictures, others visit to read a band review. There are many readers who write to me telling me they have Ichthyosis and did not realise there was anyone else out there until they found my blog. Others are parents of children with the condition, and my blog (and successes in life) assures them that things will be ok for their children. And then there are people that write to me telling me I've taught them or their children about diversity, and even changed their mindsets. Just last week a teacher friend of mine wrote telling me she has used some of my blog posts in her grade 9 class. The posts she used were where I've explained situations of bullying and harassment because of my appearance. She told me that the class got a good perspective about what it's like to look different and that the class bully thought about his previous behaviour and asked for a print out of my posts to read at home.

Blogging has led to many opportunities - which of course in the online age, are globally reaching. This little media career of mine was something I'd dreamed of then studied for, but I'd never expected because of my appearance. I was a finalist in Sydney Writers Centre's Best Australian Blogs awards in 2011 and 2012 and also received a grant from the Layne Beachley Aim for the Stars Foundation to further my writing and speaking. I have been published on mainstream media websites such as Fairfax's Daily Life, Mamamia, News Limited's The Punch, ABC's Ramp Up and in Frankie Magazine. I have spoken on ABC Radio's Life Matters program about visible difference and the concept of Skin Hunger, on Triple J's Hack about love and disability as well as employment and disability, and am a regular cast member on Channel 31's No Limits. My Day Job is a communicator and events planner in the Australian Public Service. I've spoken to a range of public servants about being a responsible public servant and social media user. I've also been able to educate the genetics and dermatology teams at the Royal Melbourne Hospital (many are International doctors) about the social aspects of Ichythosis as well as how blogging has led to media career. And last year, a university program in England - the Centre for Appearance Research at the University of Western England - found my blog and asked me to review an online program for them which helped young people with visible differences develop confidence and coping strategies, and then invited me to speak at their academic conference called Appearance Matters. I went to England in June last year, speaking in front of around 50 academics and a few patients.

Other bloggers making a difference

Last year a number of Australian bloggers including Eden Riley were flown to Niger and then India by World Vision - and they reported on the living, education and employment conditions of people living in these third world countries. Their stories, videos and photos encouraged many of their readers to sponsor children or donate to World Vision. World Vision told me that over 50 sponsorships have been directly attributed to four blogging ambassadors who blogged from India last November.

Though not a blog, there is a Facebook page called This is what disability looks like. It features photos of disabled people doing every day things. It depicts real people from around the world living with disability.

My friend Gloria Malone has a blog called Teen Mom NYC - she highlights the social and financial issues teenage mothers experience. She is a 22 year old university student who gave birth to a child when she was 15. While Gloria is based in New York, her blog reaches out to andngives voices to teenage parents worldwide. She was recently published in the New York Times, and her article was shared across the world.

And I have friends in the USA who have created a blog called Confetti Skin ? all about different forms and experiences of the condition I have - Ichthyosis. They cover personal, local and international issues about Ichthyosis, including most recently, their opinion on the media coverage of a Malawan baby born with the condition.

How you can make a difference

Start a blog about issues you're passionate about! It's free and the interfaces are intuitive. You can be a citizen journalist.

If you're on an aid trip, write your experiences and broadcast them to the world. Give other people a chance to tell their stories on your blog ? interview them by video, share their art, music and stories.

Share that blog! Share it on your social media networks. Share your blog with your friends and organisations ? the partner organisations here today - that can make a difference.

Read other blogs and comment on them, keeping the conversation going.

I challenge you to leave here and use the internet productively and responsibly. Think about the reach of social media. You never know who may be reading and how you may be helping someone.

You can use your skills, your path and your voice to make a difference through blogging and online activism. Blogging is often a powerful tool for the most unlikely people.

Thanks for having me at the AYAD human rights forum, and a special thanks to Jess from Austraining International for finding me and asking me to speak, and the great communications leading up to the forum. Also, in lieu of payment, a donation was made to Love Your Sister. View more photos from the forum here.

I'd love to keep the conversation going. Tell me of a blog you know that contributes to improving human rights? I'll share them on my social network platforms.

?


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Source: http://carlyfindlay.blogspot.com/2013/04/to-human-communication-creates-change.html

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Who's really behind 'I'm in love with Margaret Thatcher'?

Thatcher opponents have driven the song 'Ding Dong, the Witch is Dead' to the top of Britain's pop charts. Was the 'retaliatory' promotion of a 1979 punk song fanned by fans - or a good capitalist moment?

By Jason Walsh,?Correspondent / April 13, 2013

Two songs are battling to the top of the British music charts in memory of Margret Thatcher. One is, her supporters say, in bad taste, but the one adopted by fans of the late Conservative prime minister isn't quite what it seems, either.

Skip to next paragraph Jason Walsh

Ireland Correspondent

Jason Walsh has been the Monitor's Ireland correspondent since 2009, dividing his time primarily between Belfast, Northern Ireland and?Dublin in the Republic of Ireland. During that time he has reported on stumbling blocks in the peace process, the dissident republican threat,?pro-British unionist riots, demands for abortion legislation and Ireland's economic crash.

Recent posts

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Opponents of Thatcher have campaigned successfully to have "Ding Dong, the Witch is Dead", a song from the 1939 film "The Wizard of Oz" composed by Harold Arlen and Yip Harburg, to reach the top spot Britain's official charts.

The response from Conservative Party supporters was swift, with newspapers including The Daily Mail and Daily Telegraph demanding that the BBC refuse to play the song. The BBC has said it will play a five-second clip of the song along with a news item explaining why during its official chart rundown on Radio One, Sunday.

Equally irritated, though less outraged, Tories had another plan: counter Ding Dong with a song of their own. They chose the little-known 1979 punk number "I'm in Love with Margaret Thatcher" by the Notsensibles.

The British press loved it ? and why not? It's a good story, in a silly sort of way: a bit of political argy-bargy in a fun and digestible package.

The media didn't exactly work hard to uncover the truth of the story, such as it is. A phone call to the band's former frontman, Michael Hargreaves, was all it took to discover that the campaign predated the Tories' adoption of it.

Hargreaves himself started the campaign with a Facebook page on Wednesday that soon garnered 8,000 likes. Surprisingly, though, by Friday it had been adopted by Conservative Party supporters as a counter to "Ding Dong." Facebook, Twitter and Tory blogs lit-up with requests that people buy the song in order to keep the anti-Thatcher song from reaching the top spot in the hit parade.

Former Conservative lawmaker Louise Mensch, now based in New York, was among those who urged her Twitter followers to buy the song twice: once from Amazon and once from Apple's iTunes.

Would Maggie be proud?

In some press interviews, Hargreaves has implied, rather unconvincingly, that he is a supporter of Mrs. Thatcher. But if the song is a hit, the royalty checks may represent some private enterprise Margaret Thatcher would approve of.

Hargreaves, an ex-punk rocker who now works with adults with learning disabilities, is an unlikely figure for adoption by Conservative Party members, though he did say "Ding Dong" was disrespectful. (Read a in-depth profile of Margaret Thatcher here.)

"My grandfather was [both] a Christian and a communist. I'm a fat, 50-year-old punk. You make your mind up about my political sensibilities," he says.

Hargreaves, who is due to perform with his old band on BBC television news in Manchester on Monday, says he doesn't really mind how high the song charts in the end, but that the experience has been fun.?"We dunked a pebble in the lake and there seems to be a few ripples."

Eighty-five seconds of the song were previously featured in the 2011 biopic movie "The Iron Lady," starring Meryl Streep as Margaret Thatcher.

"I find it hilarious that Tories have adopted it," he says. "The song is a sort-of tribute and sort-of not."

The official chart will be announced on Sunday afternoon, but by today it had already reached No. 6 in the iTunes chart.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/csmonitor/globalnews/~3/i67ay5w_EFM/Who-s-really-behind-I-m-in-love-with-Margaret-Thatcher

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Exact Sciences shares lose 1/5 of their value

NEW YORK (AP) -- Shares of Exact Sciences Corp. lost nearly one-fifth of their value Friday after some results from a study of its DNA-based colon cancer test, Cologuard, disappointed investors.

THE SPARK: Exact Sciences said the test met its main goals in the study. But Cologuard's detection of pre-cancerous polyps fell slightly short of the company's expectations.

Results showed that when Cologuard test determined a patient had cancer, it was right 92 percent of the time. The test was correct 87 percent of the time when it said patients did not have cancer. But the test detected pre-cancerous polyps 42 percent of the time.

THE BIG PICTURE: Cologuard would be the Madison, Wis., company's first product. It is a noninvasive test, meant to be widely used, that uses DNA technology to find possible signs of cancer and pre-cancer in a person's stool. It could indicate that more sophisticated follow-up diagnostic testing is needed. That could catch cancer in earlier stages, when it is more easily treatable.

The study enrolled 10,000 patients between the ages of 50 and 84. They were at average risk for developing colorectal, or colon, cancer. Results of the tests were confirmed by colonoscopies.

THE ANALYSIS: Wedbush analyst Zarak Khurshid said he had understood that at least a 50-percent success rate for pre-cancer detection was needed for approval by the Food and Drug Administration for that use. The sales potential of Cologuard is more limited if it's only approved to detect cancer and not pre-cancer, he said.

The company defended its product, saying it didn't think sales would be hurt. "I understand that people may be disappointed that the pre-cancer detection rate didn't come in at 50 percent, but clinically it just won't make much of a difference. And we're excited about the impact that the test can have," said CEO Kevin Conroy on a conference call with analysts.

Khurshid rates Exact Sciences shares "Neutral" with a price target of $11.

SHARE ACTION: Exact Sciences stock fell $1.90, or 19 percent, to $8.07 in afternoon trading. Earlier the shares sank to $6.93, their lowest price since October 2011.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/exact-sciences-shares-lose-1-180536031.html

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Thursday, April 18, 2013

Massive galaxy had intense burst of star formation when universe was only 6 percent of current age

Apr. 17, 2013 ? Astronomers using a world-wide collection of telescopes have discovered the most prolific star factory in the Universe, surprisingly in a galaxy so distant that they see as it was when the Universe was only six percent of its current age.

The galaxy, dubbed HFLS3, 12.8 billion light-years from Earth, is producing the equivalent of nearly 3,000 Suns per year, a rate more than 2,000 times that of our own Milky Way. The galaxy is massive, with a huge reservoir of gas from which to form new stars.

"This is the most detailed look into the physical properties of such a distant galaxy ever made," said Dominik Riechers, of Cornell University. "Getting detailed information on galaxies like this is vitally important to understanding how galaxies, as well as groups and clusters of galaxies, formed in the early Universe," he added.

To accurately determine the galaxy's distance and characteristics required observations with 12 international telescope facilities, including both orbiting and ground-based telescopes. The telescopes ranged from visible-light telescopes, to instruments working at infrared, millimeter-wave, and radio wavelengths. The National Science Foundation's Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) provided information about cold molecular gas from which new stars are being formed and the radio waves emitted by the remnants of deceased, short-lived, very massive stars.

The scientists found that the galaxy has a mass of stars nearly 40 billion times the mass of the Sun, and gas and dust totalling more than 100 billion times the mass of the Sun, all surrounded by enough mysterious dark matter to eventually build an entire cluster of galaxies.

"This galaxy is proof that very intense bursts of star formation existed only 880 million years after the Big Bang," Riechers said. "We've gotten a valuable look at a very important epoch in the development of the first galaxies," he added. The Universe currently is about 13.7 billion years old.

"Key information about the massive amount of gas in this galaxy came from the VLA observations of radio emission from Carbon Monoxide," said Chris Carilli, Chief Scientist of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, who was not part of the research team. "The techniques used by this team, along with improved technical capabilities available now and coming in the future, will allow the study of more such galaxies, and provide a much better understanding of how the first galaxies formed during the Universe's youth," Carilli added.

"We anticipate learning more about such galaxies using both the VLA and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA)," Riechers said. "The VLA can give us information about the cold gas and radio emission in these galaxies, while ALMA can tell us about the warmer gas and dust," he added.

In addition to the VLA, the astronomers used the Herschel Space Observatory, the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy, the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory, the Plateau de Bure Interferometer, the Submillimeter Array, the IRAM 30-meter Telescope, the William Herschel Telescope and Gran Telescopio Canarias, the Keck Observatory, the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer, and the Spitzer Space Telescope. The large research team included astronomers from Europe, Japan, and the U.S. The scientists reported their findings in the journal Nature.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by National Radio Astronomy Observatory.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Dominik A. Riechers, C. M. Bradford, D. L. Clements, C. D. Dowell, I. P?rez-Fournon, R. J. Ivison, C. Bridge, A. Conley, Hai Fu, J. D. Vieira, J. Wardlow, J. Calanog, A. Cooray, P. Hurley, R. Neri, J. Kamenetzky, J. E. Aguirre, B. Altieri, V. Arumugam, D. J. Benford, M. B?thermin, J. Bock, D. Burgarella, A. Cabrera-Lavers, S. C. Chapman, P. Cox, J. S. Dunlop, L. Earle, D. Farrah, P. Ferrero, A. Franceschini, R. Gavazzi, J. Glenn, E. A. Gonzalez Solares, M. A. Gurwell, M. Halpern, E. Hatziminaoglou, A. Hyde, E. Ibar, A. Kov?cs, M. Krips, R. E. Lupu, P. R. Maloney, P. Martinez-Navajas, H. Matsuhara, E. J. Murphy, B. J. Naylor, H. T. Nguyen, S. J. Oliver, A. Omont, M. J. Page, G. Petitpas, N. Rangwala, I. G. Roseboom, D. Scott, A. J. Smith, J. G. Staguhn, A. Streblyanska, A. P. Thomson, I. Valtchanov, M. Viero, L. Wang, M. Zemcov, J. Zmuidzinas. A dust-obscured massive maximum-starburst galaxy at a redshift of 6.34. Nature, 2013; 496 (7445): 329 DOI: 10.1038/nature12050

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/A-_dmeCrOp4/130417131819.htm

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Double faults raise risk of big Salt Lake City earthquake

USGS

The beautiful Wasatch Range looms over Salt Lake City, Utah.

By Becky Oskin
LiveScience

Two faults bounding Utah's biggest city may combine to produce especially powerful earthquakes, geologists will report in Salt Lake City Wednesday at the annual meeting of the Seismological Society of America.

Utah's biggest earthquake fault runs east of Salt Lake City, at the base of the steep Wasatch Mountains. About 75 percent of the state's population lives near the 240-mile-long (385 kilometers) Wasatch Fault, according to the Utah Geological Survey. Its last big earthquake hit in 1600, 247 years before Mormon settlers arrived.

To the west, in urban Salt Lake City, a 4-mile-wide (6 km) zone of fault segments called the West Valley Fault Zone stretches north-northwest for 9 miles (14 km)?beneath the valley.

Trenches along a portion of the West Valley Fault Zone, near Salt Lake City's airport, reveal that both the West Valley and Wasatch faults seem to rupture simultaneously during earthquakes, scientists will report?at the meeting.

While dating techniques can't confirm that the earthquakes were synchronous, instead of within a few days, month or years, modeling suggests they strike at the same time, said Christopher DuRoss, study co-author and a geologist at the Utah Geological Survey.

"Based on models of how the crust would behave, we expect the West Valley Fault Zone would rupture instantaneously with the Salt Lake City segment," DuRoss told OurAmazingPlanet.

Two faults, more shaking
If both fault zones ruptured during an earthquake, it would mean more shaking for Salt Lake City, which sits atop soft lake sediments, the kind that experience liquefaction during severe earthquakes. In the 2011 Christchurch, New Zealand earthquake, liquefaction destroyed the city's downtown core. In Salt Lake City, planners are also concerned about the risk of flooding from waves in the Great Salt Lake and landslides in mountain canyons during a major earthquake.

Residents of Salt Lake will get a better picture of their risk when the Utah Geological Survey and U.S. Geological Survey release updated hazard maps in 2014, which are based on today's presentation and other recent work, DuRoss said. [What's the Most Earthquake-prone State in the U.S.?]

Mike Hylland / Utah Geological Survey

The Wasatch and West Valley fault zones near Salt Lake City may rupture at the same time, new research reveals.

The Wasatch Fault is divided into 10 segments, which mostly act independently, researchers think. The 25-mile-long (40 km) Salt Lake City segment is thought to be one of the most hazardous, with the probability of a large quake (magnitude 7.0) put at 16.5 percent in the next 100 years, according to the Utah Geological Survey. However, that earthquake forecast is now out-of-date, thanks to new research, and will be updated next year by the Working Group on Utah Earthquake Probabilities, DuRoss said.

Trenches find big quakes
DuRoss and study co-author Michael Hylland looked at the link between the Wasatch Fault and the West Valley Fault Zone with trenches dug near the Salt Lake City airport, where the shrinking Great Salt Lake has exposed West Valley fault traces. For the Wasatch fault, the team dug new trenches near the University of Utah.

Disturbed sediment layers indicate four big earthquakes?on the West Valley Fault broke ground in the past ? 15,700, 13,000, 12,300 and 5,500 years ago, said Hylland, also a geologist at the Utah Geological Survey. Radiocarbon and optical luminescence dating ties the broken ground to earthquake records in trenches along the Salt Lake City section of the Wasatch Fault.

More complete sediment records exist for the Salt Lake City section of the Wasatch Fault, with nine prehistoric temblors found, Hylland said.The last big earthquake on the Salt Lake City segment was 1,400 years ago. The quakes hit every 1,300 to 1,500 years, researchers think.

"From what we can see, it looks like the frequency is about the same" on the two fault zones, Hylland told OurAmazingPlanet. "What it really comes down to is 'how active is the Salt Lake City segment?'" Hylland said. "That's the real driver of the hazard for Salt Lake Valley."

The separate faults likely merge into a single fault deep beneath the valley, Hylland said. The West Valley Fault angles to the east, and the Wasatch Fault dips to the west.

Movement on both faults is up-down. They are both normal faults, sliding one block of the Earth's crust away from another block during an earthquake.

Email Becky Oskin or follow her @beckyoskin. Follow us?@OAPlanet, Facebook?and Google+. Original article on LiveScience's OurAmazingPlanet.

Copyright 2013 LiveScience, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Source: http://feeds.nbcnews.com/c/35002/f/653377/s/2ad5ccc8/l/0Lscience0Bnbcnews0N0C0Inews0C20A130C0A40C170C177949640Edouble0Efaults0Eraise0Erisk0Eof0Ebig0Esalt0Elake0Ecity0Eearthquake0Dlite/story01.htm

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Wednesday, April 17, 2013

Magnitude-7.8 earthquake rocks Iran and Pakistan, kills at least 31

A massive earthquake hit southeast Iran, the largest in over 50 years to strike the region. NBC's Ali Arouzi reports.

By Ali Arouzi, Mujeeb Ahmed and John Newland, NBC News

TEHRAN -- A powerful earthquake rocked Iran and Pakistan on Tuesday, collapsing buildings and killing at least 38 people.

The quake, rated at magnitude 7.8 by the U.S. Geological Survey and 7.5 by the European-Mediterranean Seismological Agency, was centered about 50 miles east of the city of Khash, Iran, but?shook tall buildings as far away as New Delhi, nearly 1,500 miles away.

It struck at 3:44 p.m. local time (6:44 a.m. ET), and aftershocks, including a magnitude-4.4 tremor at 6:24 p.m. local time, continued to be felt hours later, the European agency said.

Official sources in Mashkhel District in Pakistan's Balochistan province said 38 people were killed there, while 170 were injured, including 30 in critical condition. Relief and rescue efforts were slowed once darkness fell.

Sources said they feared more casualties would be found under the rubble. The death toll was expected to rise, as 35 people were still missing.

Iran declared a state of emergency in the region, and rescue teams were dispatched from the surrounding area to the remote site, state-run news agency IRNA reported. The Pakistani military moved forces and equipment into its border territories, where houses and shops had collapsed, the army said in a statement.?


IRNA called the earthquake a "huge disaster," but it was difficult to independently assess the extent of damage. State-run Press TV initially said that at least 40 people had been killed, including seven in Pakistan, but later backed off those numbers.

However, a hospital in the Iranian city of Saravan, which is close to the epicenter, reported 10 fatalities.

While the earthquake's epicenter was in a thinly populated area, the USGS estimated that about 400,000 people live in areas where the shaking was very strong to severe; 1.7 million live in areas where it was considered strong; and another 2.6 million are in territories where it was classified as moderate.

The U.S. State Department expressed its condolences for the lives lost in the earthquake.

"The United States sends our deepest condolences for those lost in the earthquake in southeastern Iran and western Pakistan today," a statement released Tuesday read. "Our thoughts are with the families of those who were killed, those who were injured, and with those communities that have suffered damage to homes and property. We stand ready to offer assistance in this difficult time."

The Tehran Geophysics Center said the quake lasted 40 seconds and described it as the country's strongest in more than 50 years.

Shakil Adil / AP

People evacuate buildings and gather on the street after a tremor of an earthquake is felt in Karachi, Pakistan, on Tuesday. Described as the strongest to hit Iran in more than half a century, the quake flattened homes and offices near Iran's border with Pakistan.

Soon after the quake, reports from those who felt it came pouring in to the EMSA from skyscraper-heavy places including Dubai and Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates and even New Delhi.?

In Fujairah, UAE, a witness reported to EMSA "some shaking and trembling" and "everyone on the streets," adding, "Hanging things were swinging."?

Another in Dubai, which is famous for its imposing skyscrapers, said her office building swayed for around 20 seconds and was evacuated.

In Karachi, Pakistan, almost 400 miles from the epicenter, a witness said, "I felt my laptop and table shake noticeably."

And in New Delhi, a witness reported feeling two shocks a few seconds apart. "The first was short and slight, and the second was stronger and lasted longer -- maybe 10 seconds."

Tuesday's quake was the second significant one in Iran in a week.

An April 9 earthquake near the country's only nuclear power plant killed 37 people and injured at least 850 more, leaving entire villages devastated.

Despite the scare caused by that quake, Iran pledged that it would continue to build more reactors in the heavily seismic region, which is hundreds of miles from the site of the latest temblor, on the other side of the country's south.

Iran has a history of devastating earthquakes. A magnitude-6.6 quake in 2003 killed an estimated 31,000 people, and a 7.5 in 1990 killed as many as 50,000, according to the USGS.

NBC News' Marian Smith and Fakhar Rehman contributed to this report.

Related:

'Devastating' quake strikes near Iran's Bushehr nuclear plant

Full Iran coverage from NBC News

Full Pakistan coverage from NBC News

This story was originally published on

Source: http://feeds.nbcnews.com/c/35002/f/653387/s/2acab675/l/0Lworldnews0Bnbcnews0N0C0Inews0C20A130C0A40C160C177763190Emagnitude0E780Eearthquake0Erocks0Eiran0Eand0Epakistan0Ekills0Eat0Eleast0E310Dlite/story01.htm

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Tuesday, April 16, 2013

Women with HIV shown to have elevated resting energy expenditure

Women with HIV shown to have elevated resting energy expenditure [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 16-Apr-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Eileen Leahy
andjrnlmedia@elsevier.com
732-238-3628
Elsevier Health Sciences

Antiretroviral therapy does not affect resting energy expenditure among women with HIV, according to Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics report

Philadelphia, PA, April 16, 2013 Studies have shown that about 10 percent of men infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an elevated resting energy expenditure (REE). Their bodies use more kilocalories for basic functions including circulation, body temperature, and breathing. Most studies have been conducted in men and those with solely women have had small sample sizes. A team of researchers has sought to rectify this with a matched, prospective, cross-sectional study. The results are featured in a new report published by the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.

"To our knowledge, no studies have been conducted that dissect the effect of HIV infection versus antiretroviral therapy," says lead investigator Grace McComsey, MD, FIDSA, Chief Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology and Global Health at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine. "The purpose of our study was to compare REE in HIV-infected women who have never been on antiretroviral therapy (ART), those on ART with virologic suppression, those on ART with detectable HIV-1 RNA, and HIV-negative, healthy women." Antiretroviral therapy typically consists of at least three drugs to fight against fatal HIV effects and improve quality of life.

The study team recruited women from the John T. Carey Special Immunology Unit at University Hospitals Case Medical Center, an out-patient HIV clinic in Cleveland, Ohio between 2004 and 2011. The women were matched by age and body mass index (BMI). Healthy women who volunteered to participate in the control group were mostly hospital employees. In total, 87 women participated, 62 with HIV and 25 without.

All participants received a clinical evaluation for weight, height, and waist and hip measurements and responded to questions about their exercise habits and alcohol, tobacco, and drug use. Investigators determined their body composition and measured their oxygen consumption to determine REE. They also consulted medical records for further information about current medications and HIV diagnosis details.

The study produced the following significant findings:

  • REE is significantly higher in HIV-infected women who have never been on ART when compared to healthy women.
  • REE is significantly higher, when adjusted for body composition changes, in HIV-infected women who are on ART with undetectable HIV-1 RNA compared to healthy controls.
  • REE is significantly higher in HIV-infected women on ART with detectable HIV-1 RNA compared to controls.
  • REE was not different between the HIV-infected groups.

In addition analysis revealed that REE strongly correlates with two common equations used to predict energy expenditure and with body cell mass, BMI, and fat mass.

The investigators hypothesized that those with increased REE may have a greater absolute production of reactive oxygen species if tissue oxygen concentration also increases, leading to more oxidative stress. This needs to be investigated in future studies.

"We showed that REE is elevated in ART-nave HIV-infected women and continues to be elevated when on effective ART, regardless of virologic suppression, when compared to age and BMI matched healthy women," says Dr. McComsey. "This suggests an effect of HIV infection itself and not antiretroviral therapy on REE. The exact mechanism by which this occurs is unknown, but could be due to heightened inflammation or immune activation, which occurs in HIV infection."

Dr. McComsey also notes the need for further study of ART initiation to assess the effect of HIV infection on REE and the effect of specific antiretrovirals on REE.

###


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Women with HIV shown to have elevated resting energy expenditure [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 16-Apr-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Eileen Leahy
andjrnlmedia@elsevier.com
732-238-3628
Elsevier Health Sciences

Antiretroviral therapy does not affect resting energy expenditure among women with HIV, according to Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics report

Philadelphia, PA, April 16, 2013 Studies have shown that about 10 percent of men infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an elevated resting energy expenditure (REE). Their bodies use more kilocalories for basic functions including circulation, body temperature, and breathing. Most studies have been conducted in men and those with solely women have had small sample sizes. A team of researchers has sought to rectify this with a matched, prospective, cross-sectional study. The results are featured in a new report published by the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.

"To our knowledge, no studies have been conducted that dissect the effect of HIV infection versus antiretroviral therapy," says lead investigator Grace McComsey, MD, FIDSA, Chief Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology and Global Health at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine. "The purpose of our study was to compare REE in HIV-infected women who have never been on antiretroviral therapy (ART), those on ART with virologic suppression, those on ART with detectable HIV-1 RNA, and HIV-negative, healthy women." Antiretroviral therapy typically consists of at least three drugs to fight against fatal HIV effects and improve quality of life.

The study team recruited women from the John T. Carey Special Immunology Unit at University Hospitals Case Medical Center, an out-patient HIV clinic in Cleveland, Ohio between 2004 and 2011. The women were matched by age and body mass index (BMI). Healthy women who volunteered to participate in the control group were mostly hospital employees. In total, 87 women participated, 62 with HIV and 25 without.

All participants received a clinical evaluation for weight, height, and waist and hip measurements and responded to questions about their exercise habits and alcohol, tobacco, and drug use. Investigators determined their body composition and measured their oxygen consumption to determine REE. They also consulted medical records for further information about current medications and HIV diagnosis details.

The study produced the following significant findings:

  • REE is significantly higher in HIV-infected women who have never been on ART when compared to healthy women.
  • REE is significantly higher, when adjusted for body composition changes, in HIV-infected women who are on ART with undetectable HIV-1 RNA compared to healthy controls.
  • REE is significantly higher in HIV-infected women on ART with detectable HIV-1 RNA compared to controls.
  • REE was not different between the HIV-infected groups.

In addition analysis revealed that REE strongly correlates with two common equations used to predict energy expenditure and with body cell mass, BMI, and fat mass.

The investigators hypothesized that those with increased REE may have a greater absolute production of reactive oxygen species if tissue oxygen concentration also increases, leading to more oxidative stress. This needs to be investigated in future studies.

"We showed that REE is elevated in ART-nave HIV-infected women and continues to be elevated when on effective ART, regardless of virologic suppression, when compared to age and BMI matched healthy women," says Dr. McComsey. "This suggests an effect of HIV infection itself and not antiretroviral therapy on REE. The exact mechanism by which this occurs is unknown, but could be due to heightened inflammation or immune activation, which occurs in HIV infection."

Dr. McComsey also notes the need for further study of ART initiation to assess the effect of HIV infection on REE and the effect of specific antiretrovirals on REE.

###


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-04/ehs-wwh041213.php

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